
研究显示猫无法通过声音区分人类情绪,但肢体语言揭示其情感纽带
在国际猫日之际,多项研究及兽医观点指出,猫通过蹭头、缓慢眨眼等行为表达信任,但对人类语音中的喜怒哀乐反应相似,仅表现为普遍警觉。
意大利巴里大学一项针对20只家猫的研究发现,当播放人类大笑、哭泣或尖叫的录音时,猫均表现出中等程度的警觉,如耳朵侧向、瞳孔放大、尾巴不自主摆动,但并未因情绪类型不同而出现显著差异。研究负责人塞雷内拉·丁杰奥博士解释,猫“并未立即区分快乐、恐惧、愤怒或悲伤,而是以普遍提高的警觉状态回应,这可能是一种适应性策略,使其准备好对潜在相关社交情境快速反应。”该研究通过观察猫的头部转向判断大脑半球激活,未发现对特定人类声音的偏好,与此前猫对同类呼噜声或威胁性犬吠声的明确反应形成对比。
尽管猫对语音情绪不敏感,但它们通过一系列肢体语言向信任的人类表达情感。多篇科普文章指出,猫用头部和身体两侧的气味腺蹭人,是在标记“朋友”并共享群体气味。竖直的旗杆状尾巴、颤音问候和头撞相当于猫的“挥手”和“击掌”,而缓慢眨眼则被研究关联于积极情绪状态,类似人类的微笑。兽医曼努埃尔·曼萨诺建议,与猫建立关系时应避免直视和强行亲近,“学会忽略它”反而能赢得信任,抚摸应限于脸颊、下巴和耳后等分布信息素的区域,并每天安排模拟狩猎的游戏,每周累计约四小时。
猫的轻咬行为也常被误解。专家指出,抚摸中出现的“爱咬”并非攻击,而是猫达到忍耐极限后请求停止互动的方式;在信任和玩耍时出现的轻柔啃咬则是一种互动信号。观察整体情境至关重要:若猫发出呼噜声、蹭腿或卧于膝上,表明信任;若尾巴剧烈甩动、耳朵后贴或凝视,则需给予空间。此外,揉捏爪子、带回玩具等行为反映其本能与舒适感,而乱尿、躲藏、体重下降或咀嚼塑料等变化可能提示压力或疾病,需就医。
这些见解在国际猫日(8月8日)前后被广泛传播,提醒人们理解猫的独特沟通方式。目前关于猫情绪认知的研究仍有限,巴里大学的研究样本较小,未来需更多实验以揭示猫如何整合视觉、嗅觉等多模态信号来感知人类情感。下一步可关注更大规模或跨物种比较研究,以进一步厘清人猫互动的认知基础。
| 拉丁美洲媒体 | +0.20 | neutral |
|---|---|---|
| 大西洋/英语圈媒体 | +0.40 | aligned |
| 欧洲大陆媒体 | 0.00 | neutral |
| 印度及南亚媒体 | +0.10 | neutral |
The cat doesn't understand our emotions? All the better: it reinforces the idea that the relationship must be built on respect and routine, not on vocal misunderstandings.
A potentially disappointing finding is turned into an opportunity to reaffirm the practical wisdom of cat owners, normalizing the scientific result.
The central finding of the Italian study (the inability to distinguish emotional tones) is omitted in favor of a reassuring narrative focused on animal welfare.
Cats love us, but on their own terms: science shows the bond exists, even if it doesn't go through the human voice.
The Italian study is counterbalanced with a list of feline behaviors 'proven' as signs of love, shifting focus from the deficit (they don't understand emotions) to the strengths of the relationship.
The fact that the Italian study focuses specifically on voice, not on other communication channels, is omitted to avoid undermining the thesis of feline affection.
Animals react to our emotions, but differently than we expect: science helps us read their signals.
The Italian study is placed within a broader framework of research on the human-animal relationship, diluting the specificity of the result on cats and normalizing it as part of a wider scientific discourse.
The exclusive focus on cats in the original study is omitted, replaced by a generic discourse on pets, to avoid isolating the feline case.
The animal world is complex: even monkeys have social relationships that go beyond their species.
The specific news (cats and emotions) is avoided by shifting attention to another zoological topic, maintaining an academic and neutral tone.
Any reference to the Italian study, cats, and their perception of human emotions is omitted, replaced by completely different content.